Sam Walton :: essays research papers

Sam Walton a small-town merchant who had operated a variety of stores in Arkansas and Missouri, Walton was convinced that consumers would flock to a discount store with a wide array of merchandise and friendly service. When Sam Walton opened his first Wal-Mart Store in 1962, it marked the beginning of an American success story that no one could have predicted. Wal-Mart is a place where prices are low and value and customer service are high every day. Because Wal-Mart carefully controls expenses to maintain its low price structure, customers do not have to wait for a sale to realize savings. Sam Walton had no idea his business would take off like it has. Today, years after his death, the company is still growing steadily. He never thought that his little $25,000 investment in a retail store would be a huge success, but Walton had an idea that no one had ever thought of. This would be the thought that would not only change his life, but the lives of millions of customers as well. The creator of K-mart Said he fabricated up the idea that if he offered well-know brands and sold them around 15% cheaper than other retailers, then this would make them a powerful source in the retail business, and little did the creator of K-mart knew Walton was right. Regarded by many as the entrepreneur of the century, Walton had a reputation for caring about his customers, his employees and the community. Walton proved to be a visionary leader and was known for his ability to quickly learn from his competitors' successes and failures. In fact, the creator of Kmart once claimed that Walton "not only copied our concepts, he strengthened them. Sam just took the ball and ran with it". In the 70’s and 80’s K-mart wasn’t going into towns that had a population lower than 50,000 people, so Walton decided that he would put his stores in small towns that all the major retailers were ignoring. As Walton stated, â€Å"When people want to simplify the Wal-Mart story that’s usually how they sum up the secret of our success, â€Å"Oh, they went into small towns when nobody else would.†Ã¢â‚¬  Walton realized early on that he couldn’t build stores in just large cities like his competitors. So realizing this, he built his stores around his distribution centers and warehouses, in which each store was no more than a days drive away.

Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov Biography

Lenins political finesse, his understanding of the strength of the peasantry and his rewriting of the communist thought are the characteristics which made Lenin one of the greatest leaders of Russia. Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov, was born on April 22, 1870, in Simbirsk, on the bank of the Volga river. Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov, a man with high cheek bones, a dark complexion and dark brown eyes, all of which Lenin inherited, was Lenins father, and was the director of schools in Simbirsk province. Lenins mother, Maria Aleksandrovna Blank, was a woman who was very devoted to her six children who all eventually became evolutionaries, except for one who died before she could follow her siblings. Lenin overall had a good childhood. He liked to play chess, swim, hike, and hunt. Although Lenin had no close friends, he did look up to his brother, Alexander, a great deal. When Lenin entered school in 1879, at the age of 9 he became a brilliant student and this was acclaimed to a teacher who came into the Ulyanov home before Lenin could enter school, and taught him to read by the age of five. During Vladimirs young years Russia was quite quiet, although not for him. In 1886 Lenins father died and in 1887 his rother Alexander, whom Lenin looked up to, was involved in an unsuccessful plot to kill the czar and was hanged for doing so. The death of Alexander came as a great blow to Lenin. About his brothers death Lenin simply said â€Å"Ill make them pay for this! I swear it! † The same year his brother was hanged, Lenin finished school at the age of 17 and received a gold medal for excellence in studies. During the fall of that year Lenin was admitted to Kazan University to study law there. Three months after Lenin had settled in Kazan he was expelled from the University for joining in a student meeting protesting the ack of freedom the students were given in the school. Over the next three years Lenin tried many more times to regain admission to the university, but was unsuccessful on all attempts, until 1890 when he tried to gain acceptance to St. Petersburg University. He was admitted as a student but he was not, however, permitted to attend classes, though he would be permitted to take the examinations after studying on his own. In 1891 after studying on his own and taking the final examinations Lenin received a law degree from St. Petersburg University and united with a law firm in Samara. While still in university Lenin was introduced to the works of Karl Marx, Marx being a major contributor to the Communist Philosophy. In early 1893 Lenin became part of the Social Democratic band, a Marxist establishment. In the latter part of that year Lenin reallocated to St. Petersburg and got a start on his revolutionary career. While in St. Petersburg Lenin found that the quality of leadership came to him easily and he quickly became the leader of a Social Democrat group. Lenin came across as a bright intelligent man. All of Lenins written work was very precise, intensely specific, and crystal clear. In 1897 Lenin was banished to Siberia, after being held for questioning for more than a year, after he was caught by the Czars Secret Police while preparing a revolutionary newspaper, The Cause, in December of 1895. During Lenins interval in Siberia he married Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya. As banishment to Siberia did not mean confinement and Lenin took advantage of his freedom by carrying on his propagandist writings and also wrote one of his more dominant accomplishments, The Development of Capitalism In Russia (1899). During the span of 1898, while Lenin was in expulsion from Russia, a collection of concealed Russian Marxist groups allied to form the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. In the ensuing period following Lenins Siberian expulsion, January 1900, he received authorization to leave the country and go to Germany to assist with the founding of the parties newspaper, The Spark, of which the first issue appeared on December 24, 1900. In 1902 Lenin wrote a pamphlet called â€Å"What Is To Be Done† and from this pamphlet came the base of what is called Leninism. The following year the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party broke into two separate, equal, collectives over a ontention about party membership. Lenin became the leader of the Bolsheviks, which translates to â€Å"The Majority†, which suggested that his group was larger. The Bolsheviks desired that membership to their party be confined to a small member of full-time revolutionaries. The other group, The Mensheviks, which translates to The Minority, desired that party membership be less restrictive and did not prefer a dictatorship, as the Bolsheviks did, but rather to practice more democratically. Just as all this was taking place a vitality of insurrection was taking place across Russia fronting the Czar Nicholas II. The Russian people wanted land, higher wages, and increased political rights including a legislation. Included in these revolts was an incident called â€Å"Bloody Sunday† which happened when an Orthodox Priest led a march of â€Å"peaceful† peasants to the home of the Czar, on Sunday January 22, 1905. When they reached the palace the Czars head man panicked at the sight of the many people and had his troops fire on the defenseless crowd, slaying and damaging hundreds. By the fall of 1905 a full strike of nearly all workers stupefied the country compelling the Czar to give the people a Duma, which is a ower level Parliament. By the end of 1905 mammoth strikes commenced and was followed by a brimming revolution to which the Czar quickly put a stop to. After this Lenin found it quite arduous to proceed with revolutionary actions in Russia and exhausted most of his time from 1906 until 1908 publishing radical leaflets and attending party congress in England, Germany and Sweden, chiefly with the intentions of keeping the party together, but also to expand the distance between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks alleging that the Mensheviks did not want revolution. On August 1, 1914 Germany declared war on Russia and World War I commenced. As Lenin was in Austria at that time, the Austrian government arranged for Lenin to be transported to Switzerland who did not participate in the war. It has been noted that many extremists desired a victory for Russia, but it has also been noted that others wanted peace lacking a victory for any one country, but a victory of peace for all involved. Lenin, however, desired that his country suffer a defeat, and that would bring about revolution in the country. During the war Lenin and his cause were aided financially by the German government, by performing this the Germans felt that they were eroding the Russian war endeavor. By this time most of Lenins supporters had deserted him, indicating as their more popular reasons that Lenin was using assets intended for the assemblage for himself, and that his apparent seizure of power was unwilful by some. This period in Lenins career was suggested by Krupskaya, his wife, as the loneliest point in Lenins career, and as a time when Lenin would transfigure his passions into a surely revolutionary conclusion. It had been three years since the start of the war and the countries were still attling, Russia had lost many of her battles and the country was in annoyance. Food shortages were occurring all across the country, mainly in the cities, but bread was especially shortly yielded. In early February 1917 bread was nowhere to be found in Petrograd and immense lines aside the bread shops collected and the tensions increased. By the end of the first quarter of February approximately two hundred thousand workers were on strike and demonstrating in the capital. On the fifteenth day of March nineteen- seventeen, the Czar Nicholas II, gave up his throne and also gave up the throne or his son. This left the throne to the Nicholass brother who did not want the throne, thus ending three hundred years of autocratic rule. With no one in power of the country a democratic provisional government was formed. For a duration the governing power was shared by the provisional government with the Petrograd Soviet, but before long the Bolsheviks, although very unorganized demanded that all ability be granted to the soviets. At the present time Lenin was still in Switzerland and was pondering a way to return to Russia. The German government was willing to allow Lenin passage through Germany, by way of rail. The only thing the German government was, however, worried about during Lenins trek was of him agitating the German workers. Because of this the German government had Lenin ride in a single sealed train car that was deemed, for the duration of his trip, Russian territory. On the sixteenth day of April nineteen seventeen Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov returned to Russia landing in Petrograd and receiving a welcome fit for a hero. After arriving in Petrograd Lenin abruptly took back control of the Bolsheviks and ordered the overthrow of the provisional government. Lenin was unable to take control of the provisional and upon the reorganization of it, Alexander Kernsky took control and decreed Lenins arrest on the account that he was a German agent, and Lenin quickly fled to Finland. The rest of the Bolsheviks also quickly dispersed or were taken into custody. After living in Finland for about three months, during this time writing The State and Revolution, which was considered to be one of the most important of his labors in which he described how to come about power by way of revolution, Lenin returned to Russia, October 1917, as he felt it was necessary to bring about the revolution. Upon Lenins arrival in Petrograd he strongly recommended to the Bolshevik Central Committee to take advantage of Kerenskys weak government. The Central Committee decided to take action while they had the chance. The Bolshevik president of the Petrograd Soviet, Leon Trotsky, managed to gain control of some government troops and some Naval crews who supported the uprising, and then with minute amount of brutality the Bolsheviks captured Petrograd on October twenty fifth, nineteen seventeen. The Bolsheviks now only had one more thing to do before they were to hold all power of the government, capture Moscow. The capturing of Moscow proved to be more difficult and rougher, but at any rate Moscow was seized and the Bolsheviks had taken power. November 8, 1917 was the day that the Second All-Russian Congress opened with representatives from all across the country in attendance. At the meeting of the congress, which was controlled by the Bolsheviks, Lenin was appointed chairman of The Council of Peoples Commissars, and therefore he became head of the new Russian State. When Lenin ade his first appearance before the congress he asked to be allowed to ask Germany for a three month truce, and for the eradication of private land ownership, both of these requests were authorized. Soon after Lenin took control he found himself in a battle to stay in control, as the Red Army had broken apart, German forces were advancing deeper and deeper into Russia, and also other opposing forces were gathering large groups in parts of Russia. Lenin believed that if the Bolsheviks were to stay in power then the war with Germany would have to come to an end soon and at any cost. It was the third day of March 1918 when the battles between Russia and Germany ended with the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. This treaty made it obligatory for Russia to give up a lot of land, which in effect hurt her, until the end of World War I when Germany lost and the treaty became void. In order to put his government further away from German power, in the territory that Russia gave up, Lenin moved the countrys capital to Moscow from Petrograd. In December of 1917 Lenin brought into existence the Cheka, which was a political police force setup to se extreme force to control anyone with an opinion that differed from that of the Bolsheviks. Most of the people that the Cheka arrested were imprisoned, murdered, or sent to the Gulag, which was a system of prison labor camps where most died. In 1918 Lenin suggested to the Bolshevik Central Committee that they change the name of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party to the Russian Communist Party and this was done. In July 1918, for fear of the former Czar making an uprising, the Bolsheviks had the Czar and his entire family, including servants, slayed. About a month after the Czar was killed, Lenin as at a factory giving a speech to the employees and he was shot twice by Dora Kaplan, who was a member of a Socialist Revolutionary Party. After quickly recovering from the bullets Lenin had Dora Kaplan executed and to set an example for others he had hundreds of others executed, claiming they were hostages. The revolution was like a speeding locomotive in the cites, but was slower to catch on in the more remote parts of the country and in these parts of the country resistance was becoming a major problem and civil war was breaking out. The two enemies in the war ere the Red Army, which Lenin had created in January 1918 and named after the color of the world Communist movement, and opposing them were the whites, who were for the most part democrats, Russian Nationalists and those who opposed change in any form. The Whites had a major problem though, this problem was that they lacked any organization. The Bolsheviks easily won this civil war by 1920, although not untouched. By the end of this war the Russian economy was in shambles and millions of Russians had left to go afar, or died. But yet still the Communist government survived. Although Lenin had successfully taken control of Russia he had not yet accomplished his true goal that he had set out to achieve many years before, which was the goal of a Communist world revolution. In 1921, in a radical attempt to regain control of his country, Lenin instituted a program called the New Economic Policy. This policy replaced a lot of the measures that were put in place when the Bolsheviks took power, it allowed small businesses to continue to operate, peasants to sell food to private customers, free trade was reinstated, and foreign business was invited to invest in Russia. By this time Lenins health had also started to suffer from the stress, among various other things. Although foreign nations were invited to invest in Russia few did and by this time, also, no major country still held diplomatic relations with Russia. In the month of May in 1922 Lenins health took a turn for the worse and he endured a stroke. Lenin then, opposing his doctors advice, kept on working. It was the December of 1922 that Lenin suffered his second stroke and that same month the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established by the Bolshevik government. On March 9, 1923 Lenin suffered from a third stoke and his ability to speak clearly was impaired. Less than a year later, on January 21, 1924, Lenin died of a brain hemorrhage, thus ending his rein of power. Lenin used the strength of the peasantry in revolution by appeasing some of their demands, such as implementing the New Economic Policy. The masses supported Lenins beliefs and showed their unrest in ways such as striking. Lenin also utilized his fellow politicians in his bid to accomplish the first part of his goal, to bring communism to Russia, y finessing them into his turn of mind via his personal fervor and his writings. Lenins vision of communism included bringing theories into practice. He also brought widely varied classes of people to his conclusions. Thus by using any and every means possible, Lenin brought communism to Russia, although it took far longer that he expected and he died before reaching his ultimate goal of World Communism. Whether or not communism is or was beneficial to a society, Lenin was a great leader in as much as he reshaped an entire country and its ideals.

This paper will be focused specifically on the production...

This paper will be focused specifically on the production of Driscoll’s red raspberries. I will be looking at their supplier Reiter Affiliated Companies, the labor conditions, wages, and difference between the conventional and organic raspberries. There has also been a movement to change the definition of organic and alternative foods so that it also includes the labor conditions. Therefore, there will be clearer difference between organic foods and nonorganic other than just environmental and sustainable differences between the two. The goal is to describe the production and process of distributing raspberries from the time they are planted until they are pick and then distributed in stores. Although there is approximately 200 species†¦show more content†¦Driscolls Berries is the United States’ top distributor for all berries including raspberries, blueberries, strawberries, and blackberries. Driscoll’s was founded in 1904 by the Driscoll brothers, Richard and Donald. Their current headquarters are located in Watsonville, California and their CEO is Miles Reiter. This company sells both conventional and organic berries that can be distinguished by their different packaging. They claim to follow the Good Agricultural Practices for food safety, which indicates that they follow rules on food safety set by Food and Agriculture Organization (FOA) of the United Nations. Moreover, Driscoll also boasts having a history of being generous to those in need. Following World War II Driscoll gave 600 formerly interned Japanese-Americans families an opportunity to earn money and rebuild their lives after they lost everything. Driscoll’s leased â€Å"a lot of virgin ground at the time and they encouraged Japanese Americans to share-crop the land.† (Sammon) This is one example of how Driscoll has helped the community in the past. The biggest raspberry supplier for Driscoll is Reiter Affiliated Companies. Reiter manages and oversees the smaller farmers that grow the actual berries. They are â€Å"the largest fresh, multi-berry producer in the world.† (Reiter) The company began in 1868 by Ed Reiter and is now currently run by his grandsons Garland and Miles Reiter. Miles Reiter is also the CEO of Driscoll’s berries and the two companies haveShow MoreRelatedRamadan Is A Peaceful Ramadan1462 Words   |  6 Pagesprayers, keep your commitments and keep spending quality time with friends and family. By devoting some time or resources to charity on a regular bases you will definitely keep the spirit of Ramadan alive for the rest of the year! Ramadan Kareem - ADSG wishes everyone an enlightened, peaceful and healthy Ramadan!

Analysis of The Philosophical Problem of Evil Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons, holds that free will lies in the fact that God has created man as a free human being having his own soul to obey the command of God, according to his own free wish and will. The goodness that comes to man is through faithfulness and obedience to God. This theory becomes valid when one considers the fact that wise men always show the exercise of their free will and intelligence in their actions whereas the evil men don t ever apply the philosophy of their knowledge in their actions. God made the man a free (agent) from the beginning, possessing his own soul to obey the behests of God voluntarily and not by compulsions of God. (http: //www. jarom. net/irenaeus. php). Thus it becomes apparent that God has intended man to be a free being without being bound down by God s decisions. God indeed wants human to have the power of choice in doing things. According to theologian John Hick, God has given us considerable spiritual freedom and we can choose our own ways to be religious and to do good to ourselves and to others. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of The Philosophical Problem of Evil or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page In the scientific sphere, it implies that the actions of the body, as well as the brain and mind, are not decided by the relationship between cause and effect. Free will thus become a most valuable possession for the humans because it gives them the power to exercise freedom and therefore it seems to be the best answer to evil. People value free will because they want to decide their own way. When humans are endowed with free will, there is a possibility for evil.

The Definition of Success Essay - 801 Words

The Definition of Success What is success? Is it the process of doing a task and receiving a positive result acceptable amongst the community, or is it simply achieving ones own personal goals? Success to me can mean many things. Although I am successful in school, that does not necessarily mean I will lead a successful life. According to The American Heritage Dictionary success is, the achievement of something desired, planned, or attempted. Even over the course of history, the meaning of the word has not really changed. In the Websters Dictionary from 1828, success was stated as, the favorable or prosperous termination of anything attempted; a termination which answers the purpose intended; properly in a good sense,†¦show more content†¦To some succeeding, or winning, is the most important factor in their life. Winning is not a sometime thing; it?s an all the time thing. You don?t win once and a while; you don?t do things right once and a while; you do them right all the time. Winning is a habit, and unfortunately so is losing. There is no room for second place. There is only one place in my game, and that is first. I have finished second twice in my time at Green Bay, and I don?t ever want to finish second again. There is a second place bowel game, but it is a game for losers played by lo sers. It has always been an American zeal to be first in anything we do, and to win, and to win, and to win (Lombardi). I however disagree with this opinion. We are successful everyday by accomplishing even small tasks that are required to get by in life. To most of us, tying a shoe is a practice that has become very routine, but to some this can be a huge endeavor. We as Americans take literacy forShow MoreRelatedDefinition of Success1195 Words   |  5 PagesKristen Campbell ENGL 1302 Kimberly Dill 3/7/2012 Standards of Success Success, as described by Winston Churchill, is â€Å"†¦going from failure to failure without losing enthusiasm.† This has taken on greater meaning in our modern day, as the path to success has seemingly become more complex. Is the American dream still valid? I would say yes, considering that we are currently in a recession. The term â€Å"American Dream† is used in a number of ways, but really the American Dream is an idea thatRead MoreThe Definition of Success Essay1897 Words   |  8 PagesMost people commonly describe success, as being wealthy in life. This is not the meaning entirely, the definition of success is simple. A person is successful, if he or she has very good payment at his or her work and if he or she is happy with the job, they are doing. Education really leads to success. If a person has good education, he or she can choose their careers and be successful at it. Education is a form of learning in which the knowledge and skills is being trans ferred from a group of peopleRead More The Definition of Success Essay523 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is success? How does one succeed in life? A few moments thought will convince us that the question is by no means an easy one to answer. We say this, that, or the other man is successful, but what do we mean by it? One man has houses and lands, has a large bank account, drives fast horses and has many apparent friends, such a man is accounted successful. Yet all of these things that minister to his pleasure have been acquired by unremitting labor, by hard, avaricious dealings with his fellow-menRead MoreMy Definition of Success Essay933 Words   |  4 Pagespersonality and duplicate it. – Bruce Lee – What is success? Society is always striving for a definition to define it and how others can and have achieved it. This paper will illustrate the definition of success, what makes society success or not success, and what my personal definition of success is. This will show how twisted and materialistic people can really be in today’s world. In the dictionary.com definition success is the achievement of something desired, planned, or attemptedRead MoreMy Definition of Success Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesthat person confident, popular, and joyful all of the time—the epitome of mainstream success? Or, on the other hand, is the person stressed, having second thoughts about his life choices, and unsure about the meaning of his life? I am willing to bet that it is the second one. Mainstream marketing and media have effectively brainwashed our society into accepting a false, even potentially dangerous definition of success. Marketers want us to believe that having lots of money, living in a big house, andRead MoreEssay on My Definition of Success1046 Words   |  5 Pages In his poem, â€Å"What is Success,† Ralph Waldo Emerson gave priceless insight when he wrote: To laugh often and much; To win the respect of intelligent people and the affection of children; To earn the appreciation of honest critics and endure the betrayal of false friends; To appreciate beauty, to find the best in others; To leave the world a bit better, whether by a healthy child, a garden patch or a redeemed social condition; To know even one life has breathed easier because you have livedRead MoreDefinition Essay. Defining Success644 Words   |  3 PagesDefining Success The definition of success is in the eye of the beholder. More than three-fourths of your life is spent working to become successful. People are told during childhood to work as hard as they can so they can grow up and make lots of money. But the word success can be taken in many different ways. Everyone has a different understanding of what success means to them. Generally, success means fulfilling the goals that you set for yourself. For some, success is measured by popularityRead MoreMy Definition of Success Essays2239 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Success is the peace that comes with knowing your accomplishments have purpose.† – Hutch Putnam – Success is a word that really hard to define, because everyone will have a different definition for this word. In fact, there no exact definition for the word success. For a student, maybe the success means to pass all courses of the semester; for a business man, signing a importance contract and get a lot of money are successes; and for a president, leading the country to develop and make theRead MorePersonal Expectations And Definitions Of Success3135 Words   |  13 PagesProfessor Waren 11/01/14 Success: Gendered Expectations and Definitions Oscar Wilde once said, Success is a science; if you have the conditions, you get the result. I propose to study the science of success in that I further study the definitions of success by gender. It is an in-depth study of success itself and what drives men and women to their successes and how they have succeeded. The value of this research is that it will show how people think of success without researcher biasRead MoreMy Definition of Success Essays499 Words   |  2 Pages When I think of success, I think of a bumper sticker I saw once which read, â€Å"He who dies the most toys wins†. That has always stuck with me because I have never thought of material possessions as the yard stick of my success in life. As everyone wishes, I would like to be comfortable and not always worrying about bills but, extravagance for the sake of status is not success. I think success in a person is defined by happiness and people’s pride in being a good person.

Eric Holder Free Essays

Eric Holder: Research Paper In the field of criminal justice, there have been many contributions from leaders throughout the peak of history. Various forms of influential people have graced America in determination of creating a fairer nation. All through his career Eric H. We will write a custom essay sample on Eric Holder or any similar topic only for you Order Now Holder Jr. has worked, and still is working, diligently to improve the criminal justice system, especially the equality of African- Americans. Born on January 21, 1951, in The Bronx Borough of New York City, Holder is the son of Eric and Miriam Holder. Attorney General Holder grew up in East Elmhurst, Queens and attended public school up until the age of ten where in the fourth grade, was chosen to be in the gifted and talented program. He went on to attend Stuyvesant School in Manhattan, Columbia University, and later Columbia Law School in which he attained his Juris Doctor in 1976. After law school, Eric Holder joined the U. S Justice Department latest Public Integrity Section, which lasted for 12 years. It was there that he helped in the prosecution of Congressman John Jenrette for bribery. In 1993 Holder stepped down from his appointment by President Ronald Regan of being a judge for the Superior Court of the District of Columbia in order to accept President Clinton’s appointment for U. S. Attorney of District of Columbia, in which he oversaw the conclusion of the corruption case involving Dan Rostenkowski , part of the Congressional Post Office Scandal (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Eric_Holder). Mr. Holder’s career didn’t stop there, he was then moved up to Deputy Attorney General in 1997 under Janet Reno. He was the first African American to hold that position. During his confirmation hearing, Holder’s opposition to the death penalty was questioned, but he pledged his intention to cooperate with the current laws and Attorney General Janet Reno, saying, â€Å"I am not a proponent of the death penalty, but I will enforce the law as this Congress gives it to us† (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Eric_Holder). During his time in the Clinton Administration, Eric was â€Å"under fire† for doing his job and admits that some of the choices he made was a mistake. Eric Holder gained even more attention when he was hired by Covington Burling in 2001. He represented the National Football League during the dog fighting investigation of Michael Vick and in 2004 represented Chiquita Brands International in a civil lawsuit after helping negotiate an agreement. In 2008, Holder joined the Reno-led amicus brief, which urged the Supreme Court to uphold Washington, D. C. ‘s handgun ban and said the position of the Department of Justice, from Franklin Roosevelt through Bill Clinton, was that the Second Amendment does not protect an individual right to keep and bear arms for purposes unrelated to a State’s operation of a well-regulated militia. Holder said that overturning the 1976 law â€Å"opens the door to more people having more access to guns and putting guns on the streets† (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Eric_Holder). In 2007, Holder became a fervent member of Barack Obama’s Campaign as a senior legal adviser and served on the committee for selection of vice president. His platforms are similar to those of Barack Obama such as the closing of Guantanamo Bay detention camp, the opposition of the Bush administration to implement the Patriot Act, and have been decisive of U. S torturing policy and NSA warantless surveillance program. In December 2008, Eric Holder was announced as Obama’a nominee of Attorney General. He was formally nominated on January 20, 2009 and approved by the Senate Judiciary Committee on January 28, 2009 (http://thomas. loc. gov/cgi-bin /ntquery/z? nomis: 111PN0006407). Following his confirmation by the full Senate on February 2, 2009, he became the first African American Attorney General of the United States of America (http://news. yahoo. com/s/ap/holder_confirmation). He is married to obstetrician, Sharon Malone, in which he has three children with. How to cite Eric Holder, Papers

Case Study of Colorectal Cancer Samples for †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Colorectal Cancer. Answer: Introduction Health care sector needs to assist the health care users through both medical and emotional support. In this context, nurses play significant role in assessing the patient and identifying the key concerns, the patient suffering from, based on which appropriate care plan is being developed. Cancer is a life-threatening disorder that involves critical health conditions of the patient along with complex treatment procedure, for improving patients quality of life and enhancing the survival period (Siegel, DeSantis Jemal, 2014). In this essay, the key focus is a 65 years old male, named John, who has recently diagnosed with bowel cancer. John is a joyful, charming and active adult, in respect to his age. He is an electrician by profession and not ready to retire from his job yet. However, he has undergone some period of tiredness and occasional pain in abdomen; however, John was not aware about his symptoms and assumed that the symptoms are due to minor bowel inconsistency or due to cons umption of unhealthy food last night. Thus, initially he refused to attempt the tests for bowel cancer. Upon assessing his test report, his GP addressed to John and his wife, Carol that he has bowel cancer, which was shocking to both of them, as John said that no one ever had a history of cancer in his family. However, his GP and practice nurse supported them emotionally and assured that there are plenty therapy, which can help John to deal with his cancer. The key purpose of this essay is to prepare John, after his adjuvant chemotherapy for discharge and discussing the follow up practices he would need and how he needs to manage his own life to live in his current status. Discharge plan After assessing Johns current status by the surgeon and other health care staffs of the multidisciplinary team, they decided to treat John with adjuvant chemotherapy for removing the malignant cells from his colon. However, the assessment did not find metastasis of his cancer, thus, the risk of recurrence of his cancer has been lessened. After his last chemotherapy, Johns care team is planning to discharge him from the hospital upon developing a discharge plan for him. In this context, the discharge planning would concentrate on educating John regarding the follow up care and schedule that is being made for reducing the change of recurrence of his cancer. Upon chemotherapy, the risk of secondary diseases increase, as chemotherapy may kill healthy and growing immune cells sometimes with the malignant cells, making the immune system sensitive to the diseases (Bretthauer, 2011). John may experience several symptoms like tiredness, loss of appetite, mouth sores, skin problems, infections , bleeding, stomach upset or diarrhoea. Thus, John has to maintain his diet and nutrition properly. Therefore, the discharge plan would include a health promotional session for educating John and his wife carol regarding the healthy life activities that John must adhere to sustain the treatments of his colorectal cancer and eliminate the risk of his cancer recurrence. Johns risk of colorectal cancer recurrence should be eliminated through planning appropriate follow up care and assisting him to adopt the after care management. Initially, the treatment plan from the specialist should be sent to the patients other providers, especially the patients general physician, who would guide the patient, i.e. John regarding the requirement of follow up care. A yearly colonoscopy would be done for checking the colorectal cancer recurrence. Moreover, the follow up sessions would be required for routine check up and screening. Screening is needed for people more than 50 years, thus, it is applica ble for John. John and Carol would be advised to ensure his medicine administration on time; where Carol can motivate John to take his medicines on time. The regular medicines would include antinausea medicine for dealing with the stomach upset and prevent fluid loss through vomiting. Pain may be a side effect of the chemotherapy of Johns colorectal cancer. Thus, John should also adhere to his pain medication, as prescribed his specialist or GP, instead of waiting until the pain becomes severe to control. Moreover, John and Carol should continuously monitor any kinds of side effects, John is experiencing or not and should immediately contact with his GP or specialist. As the immune system is weakened, John may become sensitive to several allergens and develop allergic reactions to food or medications (Burt et al., 2013). Thus, John and Carol should immediately concern to his GP as soon as any kinds of allergic reaction like cough, sneeze, rashes or breathing problem is identified. The next recomme ndation for John in his discharge planning would be regarding his nutritional status maintenance. A dietician would make a diet chart for John, which he must adhere to properly. The diet would include vegetables, whole-grain breads, low-fat dairy products, beans, lean meats, fish and avoid food or drinks that produce gas. Johns diet would also include some supplements. In his assessment, John depicted that he hangs out with his mate, who cook up cow meat and he loves to eat steak sandwich with cheese. However, cow meat contains adequate amount of fat, which is not suitable for John, on the other hand John should also not consume cheese as it also contain significant amount of fat; instead, he should focus upon green vegetable (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). On the other hand, the physical therapist in the multidisciplinary team would make an exercise plan for John, which would promote his metabolism and increase appetite and reduce pain. He should also cease smok ing and drinking to reduce recurrence rate. John should also associate with Cancer Council information services, from where he could gain more knowledge regarding his cancer, which would promote his healthy lifestyle. After providing all the important information and referrals, John would be finally assessed for his vital signs, consents would be taken and discharge form will be filled and finally discharged upon completion of all the procedures. Self management Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer type in US, with an overall lifetime risk of approximately one in 20.Although the death due to colorectal cancer have been decreased dramatically throughout the world, as a result of advanced cancer treatment. In this context, after being discharged from the hospital, John would have to adopt the self management skills, for maintaining his independence, while keeping his healthy lifestyle to avoid further complications relate to colon cancer. In previous literatures, several cases have been shown, where the cancer survivors experienced several complications as the secondary complications including physical, psychological, social and spiritual issues, leading to the reduced life expectancy (Inadomi et al., 2012). Thus, John needs to understand the risk of survivorship issues, which he may experience and should develop coping skills to deal with these issues and promote his survival. Several physical issues may be experienced by a cance r survivor, which should be prevented for the sake of reducing long term effect of treatment and persistence of the symptoms. John may also experience some of the long term physical effects of colorectal cancer. Johns treatment has undergone surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy and his care team has also described the need for radiation therapy in future. All of these treatment procedures include short and long term side effects (Baxter et al., 2011). For instance, he most common issue is change in bowel function, including stool urgency, frequent stooling, difficulty distinguishing gas from stool, incontinence, diarrhoea, liquid stool, erratic stooling patterns or inability to defer defection. Moreover, his future radiation therapy may also include rectal bleeding or pain. Once John experience these kinds of physical issues, should immediately consult with the physician, which would be followed by the administration of anti-diarrhoeal medication, protective undergarments and dietary changes. Although there would be no complications related to colostomy in Johns case, as he would not need a colostomy. Another physical issue that John can experience is urinary incontinence and sexual problems. Urinary incontinence is although common in old age. For this John would be recommended for erectile dysfunction related medication, referrals to urologist or gynaecologist and pelvic floor muscle exercise (Lithner et al., 2012). Several previous literatures have provided evidences for the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercise on increasing bowel and urinary control, thereby decreasing the signs of incontinence. On the other, based on Johns age, he might not significant problems related to his sexual life, however, if so, he would be referred to a gynaecolog ist. Regular physical activity is important for people like John, experiencing bowel cancer. It is recommended by multiple national guidelines for cancer survivorship carethat survivors, i.e. John should get at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes vigorous intensity physical activity per week, which includes pelvic floor muscle exercise. Some other studies recommend at least 180 minutes of physical activity per week for the survivors, who have undergone chemotherapy for lowering the risk of colorectal cancer recurrence. In addition to physical exercise, maintaining healthy weight and diet is also required for John, as obese patient have shown to increase the risk of cancer recurrence and the risk of obesity enhances after chemotherapy or other treatments, due to slow down of metabolic processes. Therefore, healthy diet including low fat foods and ample amount of vegetables, would promote Johns healthy living. To prevent recurrence John should reduce his alcohol intake and cease smoking, as both of these habit influence the cancer recurrence. Some supplements are also recommended as potential additive therapy in the treatment of their cancer, for John to improve his health status. The chance of secondary infection may also increase in case of John, as the weakened immune system makes it easy for the opportunistic pathogens to invade body (Foster Fenlon, 2011). Thus, John needs to ensure that he is properly nourished to make his immune system stronger. Thus, he would be recommended to administer with supplements, probiotics and antibiotics for preventing infections. In addition to the physical issues, John may also have psychological issues like anxiety, depression. The chance is high in case of John, as in the case study, it has been seen that John and his wife were signific antly upset, upon being the aware of his cancer. This is a sign that he would be worried regarding his life expectancy and would be anxious regarding his treatment and associated pain. All of which may lead to development of depressive symptoms. To prevent this psychological issue, he needs adequate emotional support and empowerment from his family as well as health care staffs. In addition, fear of recurrence is already there in Johns case (Qian Yuan, 2012). He is an active individual, but the cancer treatment would restrict his activity, independence and would develop a sense of loss for what might have been, like socialization, meeting friends and others. John is a free and independent person, but upon his treatment, his family and friends would sympathize him for his condition, all of these would lead to psychosocial reorientation, developing depressive or other psychological disorders. Behavioural therapies, counselling, music therapies, acupuncture, relaxation techniques and continuous support from his wife and care providers may empower his independence. John may be referred to rehabilitation centre for improving his living standard, independence and socialization, which would improve his self esteem (O'Connor et al., 2011). His social and emotional well being is also threatened, as his wife is distressed upon hearing the news of his condition. As John would not be able to continue his job as an electrician efficiently, his financial status would also be affected. Moreover, as his physical status would be compromised, John may not be able to meet his friends like before, which may make him isolated and lonely, reducing the quality of his life. Thus, he could contact some social support or community service centre, where he would be able to meet other cancer survivors who are living healthy and active life, which would motivate his independence and survival (Poston et al., 2011). Finally, the spiritual well being of John may also be affected by his cancer treatment. For instance, uncertainty of survival and wrong or perception of illness may lead to reduction of John and his wifes inner strength. It has been argued by Fong et al., (2012) that the spiritual strength is crucial to live longer with chronic and life threatening disorders like cancer. Thus, to fight against his colorectal cancer, he needs to build his inner strength and will for getting an improved life, for which he needs continuous support and motivation from his wife and other dear ones. In the context of Johns self management, effective communication is required from the members of his care team. As John is an active older adult, undergoing living standard crisis, he needs supportive and respectful communication. The medical staffs and nurses should have potential verbal and non-verbal communication skills including potential listening skills, which would promote a trustworthy relationship building within the care provider and John. A supportive communication with the health care provider would create such an environment that would promote his inner strength, will for getting health improvement and emotional strength (Silver Baima, 2013). In addition to John, it is the responsibility to the nurse, to provide adequate support to Johns wife Carol, so that she could gain an insight of her husbands current health status and future consequences, as well as become able to promote Johns adherence towards the positive medical therapies. It may be difficult for the medical staffs initially to educate John and his wife, because being an electrician; he may have little or no knowledge about cancer and might be worrier or frightened about the negative health outcomes. Thus, initially after establishing a positive relationship with John and his wife, the nurses need to empathize them and support their initial understanding about the disease and then gradually increase the depth of information. The health care providers can also provide them online resources, to gain better insight of the disease. Finally, after completing the educational sessions, the success of the program would be evaluated. The evaluation of the educational sessions conducted for John would be done through assessing the criteria of improved health status, awareness regarding his disease status, adherence to follow up, reduced risk of secondary symptoms and the improvement of his quality of life (Biagi et al., 2011). To assess the short and long term effects of the educational sessions and the consequences of cancer treatment, quality of life assessment tool would be used here. Conclusion Although cancer has no cure, but there are several specific and advanced therapies, which can help the patient to improve the living standard. However, cancer therapies reduce the quality of life in the cancer survivors. Thus, the essay evaluated these risk factors and issues experienced by cancer survivors and the ways to prevent these issues to progress, for improving the overall health status of the patient. In this essay, the case of a 65 years old patient, John has been focused, who have diagnosed with bowel cancer and treated via chemotherapy. The essay provided a brief description of the required education for John prior his discharge from the hospital as well as the self management practices to deal with the physical, emotional, social, psychological and spiritual issues as a cancer survivor. Finally, the essay also included the key communication skills required by the care givers and the strategies to evaluate the success of the educational sessions References Baxter, N. N., Sutradhar, R., Forbes, S. S., Paszat, L. F., Saskin, R., Rabeneck, L. (2011). Analysis of administrative data finds endoscopist quality measures associated with postcolonoscopy colorectal cancer.Gastroenterology,140(1), 65-72. Biagi, J. J., Raphael, M. J., Mackillop, W. J., Kong, W., King, W. D., Booth, C. M. (2011). 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